![]() 4 The usage rates of pain-related prescription medications 5 and visits to physician 6 in patients with FM were twice as many as those patients without any health care encounter for FM. 2,3 Results of previous studies have shown that FM-related pain is associated with a substantial socioeconomic burden including greater health care costs and productivity loss from work. 1,2 The primary complaint of patients with FM is chronic widespread pain, which is often accompanied by other symptoms such as sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, and negative mood. This study demonstrates the substantial burden of comorbid insomnia in patients with FM.įibromyalgia (FM) is a complicated chronic pain syndrome that affects between 1.2% and 5.4% of the general population. In addition, a diagnosis of insomnia was associated with an increased frequency of visits to ambulatory care services for both FM (β=1.79 95% confidence interval, 1.57-2.02 P<0.001) and other conditions (β=108.51 95% confidence interval, 103.14-113.89 P<0.001). Insomnia was associated with increased likelihood of future use of antidepressants (adjusted odds ratio =3.84, P<0.001), gabapentin (adjusted OR=1.67, P<0.001), pregabalin (adjusted OR=1.79, P=0.046), muscle relaxants (adjusted OR=3.05, P<0.001), and opioids and tramadol (adjusted OR=1.59, P<0.001) among FM patients compared with FM patients without insomnia. FM-related pharmacotherapies and ambulatory care visits were tracked from the index date to the end of 2013. Insomnia was identified through diagnosis on 2 separate visits after the index FM date. ![]() Patients treated for FM (n=17,920) on 2 separate visits between 20 were selected and subsequently divided into 2 groups: patients with and without comorbid insomnia (n=5466 and 12,454, respectively). We analyzed data retrieved from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010, which contains claims data of 1 million beneficiaries randomly selected from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance program. This study aimed to determine whether comorbid insomnia is associated with increased use of fibromyalgia-related medications and health resources in fibromyalgia (FM) patients. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. FIBROMYALGIA INSOMNIA HELP LICENSEThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. Reprints: Pei-Shan Tsai, PhD, School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St. The authors declare no conflict of interest. and T.-Y.C.: were involved in the analysis and interpretation of data, drafting and revising the manuscript gave final approval and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of work ensuring integrity and accuracy. C.-J.H and C.-L.H.: contributed to the conception of the idea, analysis and interpretation of results drafted and revised the manuscript gave final approval and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of work ensuring integrity and accuracy. P.-S.T.: contributed to the conception of the idea, the study design, and to acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data drafted and revised the manuscript gave final approval and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of work ensuring integrity and accuracy. ![]() #Research Center of Big Data and Meta-analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan ![]() †Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University ‡School of Public Health, College of Public Health *Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital ![]()
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